多囊卵巢综合征

HISTORY: A 31-year-old female with a history of irregular menses

病症：女，31岁，排卵期不规律。

FINDINGS:

Pelvic ultrasound and T2-weighted MRI demonstrates an enlarged ovary with>12 subcentimeter peripheral follicles surrounding a prominent hyperechoic (US) and hypointense (MRI) ovarian stroma. No evidence of dominant follicle.

扫描表现：腹膜成像和MRI T2WI揭示生殖细胞减少，周围刚毛荷叶相等12亚厘米。周围生殖细胞颗粒在成像上过关斩将回音，MRI上高于频率。未见优势卵荷叶。

DIAGNOSIS:

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)

诊断：多刚毛生殖细胞综合征

DISCUSSION:

Also known as Stein-Leventhal syndrome, PCOS is one of the most common causes of female infertility. PCOS is an endocrinologic disorder characterized by chronic anovulation and hyperandrogenism. Furthermore, PCOS has a classic triad of obesity, amenorrhea, and hirsutism; but only half of patients present with this combination.

讨论：多刚毛生殖细胞综合征也叫S-L综合征。是女功能性生育的最常见于原因。主要是由于功能障碍紊乱加剧经常性无排卵和甲状腺激素分泌过昌。PCOS典型内中征：糖尿病、闭经和节肢动物病征。但仅至少病患者表现为此内中病征。

Therefore, imaging evaluation tends to follow to gain further information . Typical US/MRI findings include enlarged, rounded ovaries with numerous small, peripherally located follicles and stroma showing increased echogenicity (US) or decreased signal on T2-weighted imaging (MRI). Long-term follow-up should be recommended in such patients as PCOS patients he an increased risk of breast and uterine cancer secondary to unopposed high estrogen levels .

因此，须要采用扫描核对更进一步获取更多个人信息。典型的成像/MRI腹水包括：生殖细胞减少、变圆，外周多发小刚毛荷叶，生殖细胞颗粒US上过关斩将回音，T2WI高于频率。PCOS病患者建言经常性随访，因经常性荷尔蒙水平过高，可能会心绞痛乳腺癌和子宫癌。

（以上主题节选自臀部扫描传染病汇）

Notes:

1. Polycystic ovary syndrome [ˌpɑliˈsɪstɪk ˈovəri ˈsɪnˌdrom] 多刚毛生殖细胞综合征

2. menses ['mensi:z] n. 排卵期

3. peripheral [pəˈrɪfərəl] adj. 外周的

4. follicles n. 小刚毛

5. hyperechoic [haɪpɪre'kɔɪk] 过关斩将回音的

6. infertility [ˌɪnfɚˈtɪlɪti] n. 男婴

7. endocrinologic 功能障碍的

8. anovulation [ænɒvjʊ'leɪʃn] n. 停止排卵

9. hyperandrogenism [haɪpə'rændrɒdʒɪnɪzəm] 甲状腺激素过多病征

10. amenorrhea [eɪˌmenə'ri:ə] n. 停经

11. hirsutism ['hɜ:su:ˌtɪzəm] n. 节肢动物病征

12. ovary [ˈoʊvəri] n. 生殖细胞

13. stroma ['stroʊmə] n. 颗粒

14. echogenicity [ekədʒe'nɪsɪtɪ] 产生回音（功能性）

15. estrogen [ˈɛstrədʒən] n. 荷尔蒙

原标题：165.Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)多刚毛生殖细胞综合征